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(No Model.) Y j 2 sheets-sheet 1. GpA. PATTEN.

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No. 503,707.' Patented'Aug. 22, V1893.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

No." 503,707. Patented Aug. 22, 1893.

33 H52. e A

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CLINTONA. PATTEN, OF SOMERVILLE, MASSACHUSETTS.

CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 503,707, dated August 22, 1893.

Application filed February 6, 1892. Serial N0.420,546. (No model.)

To all whom t may concern,.-

Be it known that I, CLINTON A. PATTEN, residingin Somerville, county of Middlesex, and State of Massachusetts, have invented an lmprovelnent in Surface-Railway Systems, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention relatesV to a novel construction of car especially designed and adapted for use on surface railways of that class, in which the car travels upon a single line or track, and is guided by an auxiliary guide supported above the car.

One feature of my present invention consists in a novel construction of car-body, as will be described, whereby the resistance to the travel of the car by air pressure, is reduced to a minimum, and a higher rate of speed obtained with a minimum expenditure of power.

Another feature of my invention further consists in a novel construction of car-body whereby the load-line is brought nearer the rail. The railway car referred to is especially adapted to be propelled by electricity, and when so propelled,.the electric motors may be supported within the car above the car-floor, and be thereby kept free from dust, dirt, dac., thereby obviating wear and tear upon the motors and enabling them to be used more economically.

Other features of my invention will be pointed out in the claims at the end of this specification.

Figure lis a side elevation of a surface railway car embodying my invention,the carbody being partially broken out at its opposite ends; Fig. 2, a vertical transverse section of Fig. l on the line 22, looking toward the left, the wheel being shown in elevation; Fig. 3, a sectional detail to be referred to; Fig. 4, a sectional detail to be referred to, the section being taken on line 4 4, Fig. 5, looking in the direction of arrow thereon; Fig. 5, a sectional plan view to be referred to, the section being taken on the line -5, Fig. l, and Fig. 6, a detailto be referred to.

The car-body A composed of sides a a', top

a2, and bottom as, may be made of wood, iron or steel or other desired material. The carbody A is supported upon two substantially large wheels a4 a5, located at the opposite ends of the car and running upon a single rail a6, fastened to suitable sleepers or supports laid in or upon the surface of the road-bed. The rail a6 is made substantially high, which in practice will preferably be about five and one half inches, and the wheels a4 a5, preferably about six feet in diameter, are each provided with two substantially large iianges a8 a9 preferably about three and one-half inches in depth. The flanges as a9 are well dished or beveled, so that when running upon a straight line, the said flanges do not come in contact with the rail as, thereby avoiding wear upon the flanges and reducing the friction between the wheel and rail. The Wheels a4 a5 are mounted upon shafts or arbors am,

am, each having bearings in side bars or frames L13 @14 located at opposite ends of the car within the same. The car-body, preferably at both ends, is made substantially pointed or bow-shaped as shown in Figs. l to 6,

the sides a a of the car-body being provided with inclined extensions b b (see Fig. 6) preferably brought to a point and secured together in any well known manner, the said side extensions preferably being inclined at about an angle of thirty-two degrees from the sides of the car, substantially opposite or in line with the centers of the wheels a4 a5. The inclined side pieces b b extend down to a plane passing horizontally through substantially the centers' of the wheels a5 a4, and the lower side pieces of the ends, are inclined backward from the side extensions b b at about an angle of forty-five degrees, and are secured to the bottom a3 of the car, only one of said lower side pieces b2 being shown in Fig. l.

As represented in Fig. 6, the extensions b b are substantially shaped, and the said extensions have secured to them a -shaped top ha and bottom b4. The -shaped toppiece b3 is made longer than the -shaped bottom-piece b4, and the pressure of the air upon the larger area of the top-piece b3 serves to press the car-body down, and thereby assists in keeping the same upon the rail a6, when the car is traveling at a high speed. The boW-shapedor substantially pointed end IOO . extensions b bA tends to cut the air vertically as the car travels, and thereby diminishes the resistance to the movement of the car by the ,air pressure, and asa result, a higher'speed" with a minimum expenditure of power may in the alignment of the rails a. vThe flangeless wheels c3 have their shafts or arbors preferably mounted in adjustable boxes d, located in slots or openings d in the arms c c', the

be obtained. The side supports-ct13 `a1`4in`. Ysaidgbexes being made-adjustable by screws which the wheels a4 a5 are mounted, are firmly secured at their ends, asvherein shown, to, cross-bars b5 b, the said side supports being* preferably strengthened by suitable braces b1.

The wheels a4 a5. may and preferably will be concealed by lmeans of a top-piece or ciyverbf,a

which may be made removable, and vwhich iis represented in Fig; l as secured to theinclined` top b3 and extended back over the wheel to the cross-barb'to which the sai'd'cover may be fastened in any suitable *manner The covers bs and the sides, ends, and bottom of pos-ite ends of the car within the -same,in: which are -located one or more electric or other motors 612 (see Fig. 3) for propelling the cars,and in which they are protected from dust, dirt, &c. v

Inpractice Ifmay prefer to'employtwomotors Z712 within each'of the chambers b9 blo, located between the side supports als @Maud the sides of the .car-body, only oneof 'which isV shown in Fig. 3,'the said motors beingconnected to the'wheel shaft or axle am by-sui-table earinor suchy as 'now commonlv em loved.v g h t p .5

The'car-bodyhas secured toits top a2 near itsopposite ends, two sets of inclinedarm'sc c', extended `upwardfrom the sides 'of thetop a2 to near the longitudinal center of lthe car-l bo'dy. Each s'et'ofarms c c forms bearings' for a `sh'aftor arbor c2, on which is mounted 'a angeless wheelcspreferably about four feet in diameter, and made convex onitsouter Verably of-'steel or other materialof 'sufficient byfthe langeless wheels c3.

ltherail a?, and is made of suchvproportionsf preferablyJ about twelveinches-in depth Iand six inchesfin iwidth at-the bottom, toprevent the car leaving the track, if theroad-bedV from the top of the angeless wheel'cBV-tothe top of the groove c4 being one andone-half inches, it will be seen that the car, when ru-n- -ning at "high speed, might rise `or ylift two anfd onelfourth inches without leaving the.

rail. W hen the car is running on a' straight line at high speed, th'eiiangeless wheels c'do n'ot touch'the girder' and merely act to `guide j The ianges as a9 of the. wheels a4 a5 being about th-ree and Vthree-y fourths inches lin depth, and thedistance d? inserted through the top of the arms c c', as -shown in Fig. 6. By means of the adjustable 'screws d2, the iiangeless Wheel c3 may be raised Vto-maintain the gage or distance between the contact .surface of the-large wheels a4 a5 and thel top of` the convex' wheelV ci.

'Thegird'er cf'is made in sections of any 1 "suitable or desired length, and the said sections are secured tocross trees or bars; e,ex tended fromposts -or uprights e located at the side of the road-bed, the said cross-bars being strengthened in any usual or wellknown manner, asY by bracesc2 (see .Fig.'2). The gir-der sectionsmay be secured to the crossbars e bysuitable adjustable screws or bolts e?, by means of which the girder may be raised or lowered, to maintain between the saidgirderand the rail a-thesame relative distance or gage throughout the-length of the road.

The car, in practice, will. be provided Vwith i seats, not shown, but which will preferably extend across the car, and willpreferably be l of Asuch length as to leavea passage-way at g both'sides of the vlear, the latter .being pro- -vided with a door-Way f in-each `Yside, and I with-theordinary'windowsf.

To obtainfease and comfort for the-passeng -,gersrthecar is provided with `an auxiliary Y yielding or spring-supported floor-f2, extendi ed the length of vthe car between the cross- -Abars b,-the said auxiliary floor being herein i Vsh'ownas--sus-pended by spiralsprings 'f3 (see surfaces. The convex l-angeless wheels caf; -Fig.2),having one end secured .ite the `lioor f2 extend into a dome-shaped or convexgroove; or Yslot c4 in the under yside of agirder-c?, prefstrength to resist thepressure upon itssidesi Thelg-rder c5 isi preferably located about vfteen feet .abovef` and the other end fastened 'to `th-ecarbody.

' By mounting thershaf-ts orarbors on the wheels a4 a5 inthe sidesupports a13 altwithin the car, I am enabled to bringtheload-line n'ear the rail 'a6 and thus -obtain Aa well ballasted and steadier car, and if desired,'the carbody may be provided with auxiliary 4wheels f4 mounted on-shaftsy f5 located'at opposite ends ofthe carfand designed, in practice, to support the car-body and prevent-it `striking the groundin case the wheels a4 d5 ,leave the rail a6. The wheels .f4fare Vnormally out of contact with the ground and are made much `smaller thanthe wheels 0,4 a5. A

To secure additional safety,"thel car-body is provided with safety-wheelsfh`h which -may-bemounted onthe .f shafts f5 or on sep arate shafts,thej said wheel-ain practice, being llocated 'behind and in line withl the wheels a4V aan'd above `and out of contact vwith the rail, the Wheels -h--h beingpreferably ab'outtwofin'ches aboverthe said rail. The safety-wheels h 'are {provided 4with anges, ,preferably of ordinary i depth, usually `about threeffout-hs of an inch, `and are designed to drop down upon the rail a in the car on curves,.and in case of irregularity IOO case of accident to the wheels a4 a5, as for instance, if the wheels a4 d5 should become broken.

I claiml. The hereindescribed car for surface railways, consisting of a c ar body pointed or bowshaped at one or both ends, flanged wheels a4 a5 having bearings within the car-body, and auxiliary flangelcss guide wheels supported, above the car-body in a substantially vertical plane, substantially as described.

2. The hereindescribed car torsurfacc railways, consisting of a car-body mounted on wheels a4 0.5 located substantially in the Vlongitudinal center of the car-body near its opposite ends, supports within the car-body forming bearings for the said Wheels, an auxiliary floor within the car-body and yielding t `ss supports for the said auxiliary floor, substantially as described.

3. The hereindescribed car for surface railways, consisting ot a car-body provided with pointed or bow-shaped ends, and with chambers bi bw within the said car-body, wheels a4 substantially vertical air cutting vend the inclined top b3 and bottom b4, whereby resistance to travel by air pressure is diminished, substantially as described.

5. The hereindescribed car for surface railways, consisting of a car-body mounted on wheels a4 a5, and provided with auxiliary safety-wheels yh .71/ located substantially in line with the wheels a4 a5 andA normally inoperative, substantially as described.

6. The hereindescribed car for surface railways, consisting of a car-body mounted on wheels a4 a5 located substantially in the longitudinal center of the car-body near its opf posite ends, wheels h h carried by the car substantially in line with the wheels a4 a5, and auxiliary wheels f4 located near the sides of the car-body, substantially as described.

7. The hereindescri'bed car for surface railways, consisting of a car-body mounted on wheels a4 co5 located substantially in the longitudinal center of the car-body near its opposite ends, bearings for said wheels located above the car-licor, and an auxiliary floor yieldingly supported from within the carbody from above the auxiliary floor, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

CLINTON A. PATTEN.

Witnesses:

JAs. H. CHURCHILL, SADIE C. FEARING. 

